Superheated water

The Resonor network backbone supplies neighbourhoods with superheated water at 180°C.

Water is pressurized at 20 bars to prevent it from boiling, because under normal atmospheric pressure it would boil at 100°C. The network backbone consists of insulated steel pipes laid in a concrete duct. Pipes leaving the boiler plant measure 500 mm in diameter, then gradually slim down to 50 mm as they get further away.